July 20th, 2008 — Civil Code of the Philippines, Civil Laws
PRELIMINARY TITLE
CHAPTER I: EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS
Article 1. This Act shall be known as the “Civil Code of the Philippines.” (n)
Art. 2. Laws shall take effect after fifteen days following the completion of their publication in the Official Gazette, unless it is otherwise provided. This Code shall take effect one year after such publication. (1a)
July 20th, 2008 — Civil Code of the Philippines, Civil Laws
BOOK II: Articles 414 to 711
PROPERTY, OWNERSHIP, AND ITS MODIFICATIONS
Title I. – CLASSIFICATION OF PROPERTY
PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS
Art. 414. All things which are or may be the object of appropriation are considered either:
(1) Immovable or real property; or
(2) Movable or personal property. (333)
July 20th, 2008 — Civil Code of the Philippines, Civil Laws
BOOK III: Articles 712 to 1155
DIFFERENT MODES OF ACQUIRING OWNERSHIP
PRELIMINARY PROVISION
Art. 712. Ownership is acquired by occupation and by intellectual creation.
Ownership and other real rights over property are acquired and transmitted by law, by donation, by estate and intestate succession, and in consequence of certain contracts, by tradition.
July 20th, 2008 — Civil Code of the Philippines, Civil Laws
BOOK IV [Articles 1156 to 2270]
OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS
Title. I. – OBLIGATIONS
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Art. 1156. An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do. (n)
Art. 1157. Obligations arise from:
(1) Law;
(2) Contracts;
(3) Quasi-contracts;
